政府工作报告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2019年3月5日在第十三届全国人民代表大会

第二次会议上

Delivered at the Second Session of the13th National People`s Congress of the People`s Republic of China on March 5,2019

国务院总理　李克强

LiKeqiang

Premierof the State Council

各位代表：

FellowDeputies,

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协委员提出意见。

Onbehalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of thegovernment and ask for your deliberation and approval. I also invite commentsfrom members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2018年工作回顾

I. 2018 inReview

过去一年是全面贯彻党的十九大精神开局之年，是本届政府依法履职第一年。我国发展面临多年少有的国内外复杂严峻形势，经济出现新的下行压力。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，砥砺奋进，攻坚克难，完成全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，决胜全面建成小康社会又取得新的重大进展。

The year 2018was the first year for putting the guiding principles of the 19th NationalCongress of the Communist Party of China fully into effect. It was also thisgovernment’s first to perform, in accordance with law, thefunctions of office. In pursuing development this year, China faced acomplicated and challenging domestic and international environment of a kindrarely seen in many years, and its economy came under new downward pressure.

Under thefirm leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at itscore, we, the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, guided by Xi Jinping Thoughton Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, forged ahead andovercame difficulties. The year`s main targets for economic and social developmentwere accomplished, and in building a moderately prosperous society in allrespects, we made major progress toward a decisive victory.

——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值增长6.6%，总量突破90万亿元。经济增速与用电、货运等实物量指标相匹配。居民消费价格上涨2.1%。国际收支基本平衡。城镇新增就业1361万人、调查失业率稳定在5%左右的较低水平。近14亿人口的发展中大国，实现比较充分就业至关重要。

Themain economic indicators were kept within an appropriate range. Gross domesticproduct (GDP) grew by 6.6 percent, exceeding 90 trillion yuan. Economic growthmatched electricity consumption, freight transport, and other indicators.Consumer prices rose by 2.1 percent. In the balance of payments a basicequilibrium was maintained. A further 13.61 million new urban jobs were added,and the surveyed unemployment rate remained stable at a comparatively low levelof around 5 percent. For a big developing country with a population close to1.4 billion like ours, attaining relatively full employment is critical.

——经济结构不断优化。消费拉动经济增长作用进一步增强。服务业对经济增长贡献率接近60%，高技术产业、装备制造业增速明显快于一般工业，农业再获丰收。单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.1%。质量和效益继续提升。

Economicstructure was further improved. Consumption continued to play an increasingrole in driving economic growth. The service sector`s contribution to growthapproached 60 percent. Growth in high-tech industries and equipmentmanufacturing outstripped that of other industries. Harvests were again good.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 3.1 percent. The quality and returnsof growth continued to improve.

——发展新动能快速成长。嫦娥四号等一批重大科技创新成果相继问世。新兴产业蓬勃发展，传统产业加快转型升级。大众创业万众创新深入推进，日均新设企业超过1.8万户，市场主体总量超过1亿户。新动能正在深刻改变生产生活方式、塑造中国发展新优势。

Newgrowth drivers grew rapidly. A number of major scientific and technologicalinnovations were made, like the Chang`e-4 lunar probe. Emerging industriesthrived and traditional industries saw faster transformation and upgrading.Business startups and innovation continued to surge nationwide, with an averageof over 18,000 new businesses opening daily and the total number of marketentities passing the 100 million mark. New growth drivers are now profoundlychanging our mode of production and way of life, creating new strengths forChina`s development.

——改革开放取得新突破。国务院及地方政府机构改革顺利实施。重点领域改革迈出新的步伐，市场准入负面清单制度全面实行，简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革力度加大，营商环境国际排名大幅上升。对外开放全方位扩大，共建“一带一路”取得重要进展。首届中国国际进口博览会成功举办，海南自贸试验区启动建设。货物进出口总额超过30万亿元，实际使用外资1383亿美元、稳居发展中国家首位。

Newbreakthroughs were made in reform and opening up. Institutional reforms of boththe State Council and local governments were implemented smoothly. New progresswas made in reform in key fields. The negative list system for market accesswas put fully into effect. Reforms to streamline administration and delegatepower, improve regulation, and upgrade services were intensified, and ourbusiness environment rose significantly in international rankings. Opening upwas expanded on all fronts, and joint efforts to pursue the Belt and RoadInitiative (BRI) made significant headway. The first China International ImportExpo was a success. Work began on building the China (Hainan) Pilot Free TradeZone. China`s total volume of trade in goods exceeded 30 trillion yuan, and itsutilized foreign investment totaled US$138.3 billion, ranking China first amongdeveloping countries.

——三大攻坚战开局良好。防范化解重大风险，宏观杠杆率趋于稳定，金融运行总体平稳。精准脱贫有力推进，农村贫困人口减少1386万，易地扶贫搬迁280万人。污染防治得到加强，细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降，生态文明建设成效显著。

Thethree critical battles got off to a good start.1 We forestalled and defusedmajor risks. The macro leverage ratio trended toward a stable level; thefinancial sector was generally stable. Precision poverty alleviation madesignificant progress, with the rural poor population reduced by 13.86 million,including 2.8 million people assisted through relocation from inhospitableareas. Pollution prevention and control was strengthened, and PM2.5 densitycontinued to fall. Marked achievements were made in ecological conservation.

——人民生活持续改善。居民人均可支配收入实际增长6.5%。提高个人所得税起征点，设立6项专项附加扣除。加大基本养老、基本医疗等保障力度，资助各类学校家庭困难学生近1亿人次。棚户区住房改造620多万套，农村危房改造190万户。城乡居民生活水平又有新提高。

Livingstandards continued to improve. Per capita disposable personal income grew by6.5 percent in real terms. The threshold for individual income tax was raisedand six special additional deductions were created. Support for basic elderlycare and basic health care was strengthened. Close to 100 million payments weremade to assist students from families in financial difficulty, covering allschool types. More than 6.2 million housing units were rebuilt in rundown urbanareas and 1.9 million dilapidated rural houses were renovated. Urban and ruralliving standards continued to rise.

我们隆重庆祝改革开放40周年，深刻总结改革开放的伟大成就和宝贵经验，郑重宣示在新时代将改革开放进行到底的坚定决心，激励全国各族人民接续奋斗，再创新的历史伟业。

Wesolemnly commemorated the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, thoroughlyreviewed its great achievements and the valuable experience gained in itspursuit, and pledged our resolve to see reform and opening up through in thenew era, thus galvanizing the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to continuetheir hard work to make new historic achievements.

回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。我们面对的是深刻变化的外部环境。经济全球化遭遇波折，多边主义受到冲击，国际金融市场震荡，特别是中美经贸摩擦给一些企业生产经营、市场预期带来不利影响。我们面对的是经济转型阵痛凸显的严峻挑战。新老矛盾交织，周期性、结构性问题叠加，经济运行稳中有变、变中有忧。我们面对的是两难多难问题增多的复杂局面。实现稳增长、防风险等多重目标，完成经济社会发展等多项任务，处理好当前与长远等多种关系，政策抉择和工作推进的难度明显加大。经过全国上下共同努力，我国经济发展在高基数上总体平稳、稳中有进，社会大局保持稳定。这再次表明，在中国共产党领导下，中国人民有战胜任何艰难险阻的勇气、智慧和力量，中国的发展没有过不去的坎。

Lookingback at the past year, we can see that our achievements did not come easily.

Whatwe faced was profound change in our external environment. Setbacks in economicglobalization, challenges to multilateralism, shocks in the internationalfinancial market, and especially the China-US economic and trade frictions, hadan adverse effect on the production and business operations of some companiesand on market expectations.

Whatwe faced were severe challenges caused by the growing pains of economictransformation. An interlacing of old and new issues and a combination ofcyclical and structural problems brought changes in what was a generally stableeconomic performance, some of which caused concern.

Whatwe faced was a complicated terrain of increasing dilemmas. We had multipletargets to attain, like ensuring stable growth and preventing risks; multipletasks to complete, like promoting economic and social development; and multiplerelationships to handle, like that between short-term and long-term interests.And the difficulty of making policy choices and moving work forward increasedmarkedly.

Withthe concerted efforts of the whole country, the Chinese economy, from a largerbase, achieved generally stable growth while making further progress; andsocial stability was ensured. This once again shows that the Chinese people,under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, have the courage, vision,and strength to prevail over any difficulty or obstacle. There is no difficultythat cannot be overcome in China`s pursuit of development!

一年来，我们深入贯彻以习近平同志为核心的党中央决策部署，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，统筹稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险，稳妥应对中美经贸摩擦，着力稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期，主要做了以下工作。

Overthe past year, we fully implemented all major policies and plans made by theParty Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. We followed thegeneral principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and workedholistically to maintain stable growth, advance reform, make structuraladjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks. We handledeconomic and trade frictions with the United States appropriately. We worked toensure stable employment, a stable financial sector, stable foreign trade,stable foreign investment, stable domestic investment, and stable expectations.Our main work of the past year was as follows.

一是创新和完善宏观调控，经济保持平稳运行。面对新情况新变化，我们坚持不搞“大水漫灌”式强刺激，保持宏观政策连续性稳定性，在区间调控基础上加强定向、相机调控，主动预调、微调。坚持实施积极的财政政策，着力减税降费、补短板调结构。下调增值税税率，扩大享受税收优惠小微企业范围，出台鼓励研发创新等税收政策。全年为企业和个人减税降费约1.3万亿元。优化财政支出结构，盘活财政存量资金，重点领域支出得到保障。坚持实施稳健的货币政策，引导金融支持实体经济。针对融资难融资贵问题，先后4次降低存款准备金率，多措并举缓解民营和小微企业资金紧张状况，融资成本上升势头得到初步遏制。及时应对股市、债市异常波动，人民币汇率基本稳定，外汇储备保持在3万亿美元以上。

First,we developed new ways to improve macro regulation and ensured a generallystable economic performance.

Facingnew circumstances and developments, we were firm in choosing

notto adopt a deluge of strong stimulus policies, and we maintained the continuityand consistency of macro policies. As we conducted regulation to keep maineconomic indicators within an appropriate range, we also improved targeted andwell-timed regulation, and carried out anticipatory adjustments andfine-tuning.

Wecontinued to pursue a proactive fiscal policy, focusing on cutting taxes andfees, strengthening areas of weakness, and promoting structural adjustment. Wereduced VAT rates and expanded the coverage of tax relief for small businesseswith low profits, and introduced preferential tax policies to encourage R&Dand innovation. Over the year, the tax and fee burden on enterprises andindividuals was thus reduced by around 1.3 trillion yuan. We improved thecomposition of budgetary spending, put idle budgetary funds to use, and ensuredspending in key areas.

Wemaintained a prudent monetary policy and encouraged financial support for thereal economy. In response to the difficulties and high costs of financing, wereduced required reserve ratios four times, and applied a combination ofmeasures to ease funding shortages faced by private enterprises and small andmicro businesses. Initial success was thus made in curbing the rising cost offinancing.

Wepromptly responded to abnormal fluctuations in the stock and bond markets, andkept the RMB exchange rate basically stable. China`s foreign exchange reserveswere maintained at over US$3 trillion.

二是扎实打好三大攻坚战，重点任务取得积极进展。制定并有序实施三大攻坚战三年行动方案。稳步推进结构性去杠杆，稳妥处置金融领域风险，防控地方政府债务风险，改革完善房地产市场调控机制。深入推进精准脱贫，加强扶贫力量，加大资金投入，强化社会帮扶，贫困地区自我发展能力稳步提高。全面开展蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。优化能源和运输结构。稳妥推进北方地区“煤改气”“煤改电”。全面建立河长制、湖长制。化肥农药使用量实现双下降。加强生态环保督察执法。积极应对气候变化。

Second,we took solid action in the three critical battles and made good progress incarrying out key tasks.

Wedrew up and began the systematic implementation of a three-year action plan forthe three critical battles.

Wemade steady progress in structural deleveraging, handled risks in the financialsector prudently and appropriately, prevented and controlled local governmentdebt risks, and reformed and improved mechanisms for conducting regulation overthe real estate market.

Wemade further progress in precision poverty alleviation. We strengthened povertyrelief capacity, increased budgetary input, and encouraged society to assistpoverty alleviation. The self-development capacity of poverty-stricken areaswas steadily enhanced.

Welaunched an all-out fight to keep our skies blue, our waters clear, and ourland pollution-free. Energy and transportation structures were upgraded. Thereplacement of coal with natural gas and electricity in North China wassteadily advanced. The system of river chiefs and lake chiefs was established acrossthe country. The use of both chemical fertilizers and pesticides was reduced.Inspections and law enforcement for environmental protection were strengthened.And we took active steps to respond to climate change

三是深化供给侧结构性改革，实体经济活力不断释放。加大“破、立、降”力度。推进钢铁、煤炭行业市场化去产能。实施稳投资举措，制造业投资、民间投资增速明显回升。出台促进居民消费政策。全面推进“互联网+”，运用新技术新模式改造传统产业。深入推进简政减税减费。取消一批行政许可事项，“证照分离”改革在全国推开，企业开办时间大幅压缩，工业生产许可证种类压减三分之一以上。“双随机、一公开”监管全面实施。清理规范各类涉企收费，推动降低用电、用网和物流等成本。深化“互联网+政务服务”，各地探索推广一批有特色的改革举措，企业和群众办事便利度不断提高。

Third,we deepened supply-side structural reform and steadily unleashed the dynamismof the real economy.

Westrengthened work to cut ineffective supply, foster new growth drivers, andreduce costs in the real economy.

Wemade progress in using market mechanisms to cut capacity in the steel and coalindustries.

Measureswere implemented to ensure stable investment; as a result, investment inmanufacturing and private investment rebounded markedly. Policies were adoptedto stimulate consumer spending. Internet Plus initiatives were advanced acrossthe board, and new technologies and models were used to transform traditionalindustries.

Wedeepened efforts to streamline government functions and cut taxes and fees. Anumber of government permits were abolished, the reform separating permits fromthe business license was implemented nationwide, the time needed to start abusiness was considerably shortened, and the types of industrial productionpermits were cut by over a third. Oversight conducted through the randomselection of both inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release ofresults was implemented nationwide.

Weoverhauled the charges and fees levied on businesses, and encouraged cuts inthe cost of electricity, broadband services, and logistics. We advanced the InternetPlus Government Services initiative, the local authorities explored andextended a number of distinctive reform measures, and both businesses and thepublic now enjoy increasingly better access to government services.

四是深入实施创新驱动发展战略，创新能力和效率进一步提升。大力优化创新生态，调动各类创新主体积极性。深化科技管理体制改革，推进关键核心技术攻关，加强重大科技基础设施、科技创新中心等建设。强化企业技术创新主体地位，将提高研发费用加计扣除比例政策扩大至所有企业。制定支持双创深入发展的政策措施。技术合同成交额增长30%以上。

Fourth,we continued to implement the innovation-driven development strategy andfurther increased innovation capacity and performance.

Wegreatly improved the innovation ecosystem to keep innovators of all kinds fullymotivated. The reform of the management system for science and technology wasdeepened, steps were taken to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies forkey fields, and the building of major science and technology infrastructure andinnovation centers was stepped up.

Westrengthened the principal position of enterprises in technological innovation,and extended the policy on raising the proportion of additional tax-deductibleR&D costs to cover all enterprises.

Wedeveloped policies and measures to support innovation and business startups.The volume of contracted technology transactions grew by over 30 percent.

五是加大改革开放力度，发展动力继续增强。深化国资国企改革，国有企业优化重组、提质增效取得新进展。针对民营企业发展遇到的困难和问题，千方百计帮助解忧纾困。推进财税体制改革，预算绩效管理改革全面启动。改革金融监管体制，完善利率、汇率市场化形成机制。农业农村、社会事业、生态环保等领域改革不断深化。推出对外开放一系列重大举措。共建“一带一路”引领效应持续释放，同沿线国家的合作机制不断健全，经贸合作和人文交流加快推进。出台稳外贸政策，货物通关时间压缩一半以上。下调部分商品进口关税，关税总水平由9.8%降至7.5%。新设一批跨境电商综合试验区。复制推广自贸试验区改革经验。大幅压缩外资准入负面清单，扩大金融、汽车等行业开放，一批重大外资项目落地，新设外资企业增长近70% 。

Fifth,we intensified reform and opening up and continued to strengthen the momentumof development.

Wedeepened reforms of state capital and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and madenew gains in upgrading and restructuring SOEs and in improving their qualityand performance. In addressing difficulties and issues encountered by privateenterprises, we used every feasible means to help them overcome problems andconcerns.

Weadvanced the reform of the fiscal and tax systems, and launchedperformance-based budget management reform across the country. We reformed thefinancial regulatory system and improved the mechanisms through which interestrates and exchange rates are set by the market. Steady progress was made inreforms related to agriculture, rural affairs, social programs, andenvironmental protection.

Inopening up, we introduced a series of major moves. Joint efforts to pursue theBelt and Road Initiative are producing a pace-setting effect, cooperationmechanisms for countries along its routes are steadily improving, and economiccooperation, trade, and cultural and people-to-people exchanges under theInitiative have gathered momentum.

Welaunched policies to ensure steady growth in foreign trade, and cut the timeneeded for customs clearance by more than half. Import tariffs on some goodswere lowered, and the overall tariff level was reduced from 9.8 to 7 .5percent.

Anumber of new integrated pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce wereestablished. Reform measures proven to work in pilot free trade zones werereplicated and applied elsewhere. We shortened significantly the negative listfor foreign investment, opened up sectors like finance and automobiles wider toforeign competition, and sped up the implementation of a number of majorforeign investment projects. The number of new foreign enterprises grew bynearly 70 percent.

六是统筹城乡区域发展，良性互动格局加快形成。乡村振兴战略有力实施，粮食总产量保持在1.3万亿斤以上。新型城镇化扎实推进，近1400万农业转移人口在城镇落户。推进西部开发、东北振兴、中部崛起、东部率先发展，出台一批改革创新举措。京津冀协同发展取得明显进展，长江经济带生态优先、绿色发展格局不断巩固。粤港澳大湾区规划建设迈出实质性步伐，港珠澳大桥建成通车。加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区改革发展支持力度。新增高速铁路运营里程4100公里，新建改建高速公路6000多公里、农村公路30多万公里。城乡区域发展协调性持续增强。

Sixth,we pursued balanced development across rural and urban areas and regions andsped up the formation of a pattern of positive interplay.

Therural revitalization strategy was implemented with vigor; grain output was keptabove 650 million metric tons. Solid progress was made in the pursuit of newurbanization, and close to 14 million people originally from rural areas gainedpermanent urban residency.

Afull range of reforms and innovative measures were introduced to advancedevelopment in the western region, revitalize the northeast, energize thecentral region, and support the eastern region in spearheading development.

Majorprogress was made in boosting the coordinated development of theBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Along the Yangtze Economic Belt, efforts toprioritize ecological conservation and boost green development werestrengthened.

Substantivesteps were taken in the planning and building of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-MacaoGreater Bay Area, and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was opened to traffic.

Weexpanded support for reforms and development in old revolutionary base areas,areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas.

Another4,100 kilometers of high-speed railways opened to traffic, and over 6,000kilometers of expressways and more than 300,000 kilometers of rural roads werebuilt or improved.

Withall this, the balance in development between rural and urban areas and betweenregions has continuously improved.

七是坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，改革发展成果更多更公平惠及人民群众。针对外部环境变化给就业带来的影响，及时出台稳就业举措。大力推动义务教育教师工资待遇政策落实，加强乡村小规模学校和乡镇寄宿制学校建设。建立企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂制度，提高退休人员基本养老金，城乡居民基础养老金最低标准从每月70元提高到88元。继续提高优抚、低保等标准，残疾人“两项补贴”惠及所有符合条件人员。加强退役军人服务管理工作，维护退役军人合法权益。深化医疗、医保、医药联动改革。稳步推进分级诊疗。提高居民基本医保补助标准和大病保险报销比例。加快新药审评审批改革，17种抗癌药大幅降价并纳入国家医保目录。加快推进文化惠民工程，持续加强基层公共文化服务。全民健身蓬勃开展，体育健儿在国际大赛上再创佳绩。

Seventh,we continued to ensure and improve living standards in the course of pursuingdevelopment and enabled the people to share more fully and fairly in thebenefits of reform and development.

Wetook prompt steps to ease the impact of changes in the external environment onemployment.

Wemade strong moves to ensure the implementation of policies on pay packages ofteachers in compulsory education and stepped up the development of small ruralschools and boarding schools in towns and townships.

Weestablished a system for the central government to allocate nationwideenterprise employees` basic aged-care insurance funds, raised retirees` basicpensions, and increased the minimum basic aged-care pension benefits for ruraland non-working urban residents from 70 to 88 yuan per person per month.

Wecontinued to increase benefits for entitled groups and subsistence allowances,and ensured that all people with disabilities who are eligible can accessliving allowances and nursing care subsidies.

Fordemobilized military personnel, we improved service provision and managementand protected their lawful rights and interests.

Coordinatedmedical service, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical reforms continued. Wemade steady progress in developing the tiered diagnosis and treatment model. Weraised the level of government subsidies for rural and non-working urbanresidents` basic medical insurance and the reimbursement rate of their seriousillness insurance.

Thereform for evaluation and approval of new medicines was stepped up; the pricesof 17 cancer drugs were slashed and these drugs were included in the nationalmedical insurance catalog.

Wesped up the implementation of cultural projects designed to benefit the people,and continued to strengthen public cultural services at the community level.Fitness-for-All activities flourished. Chinese athletes excelled themselves ininternational competitions.

八是推进法治政府建设和治理创新，保持社会和谐稳定。提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案18件，制定修订行政法规37部。改革调整政府机构设置和职能配置。深入开展国务院大督查，推动改革发展政策和部署落实。发挥审计监督作用。改革完善城乡基层治理。创新信访工作方式。改革和加强应急管理，及时有效应对重大自然灾害，生产安全事故总量和重特大事故数量继续下降。加强食品药品安全监管，严厉查处长春长生公司等问题疫苗案件。健全国家安全体系。强化社会治安综合治理，开展扫黑除恶专项斗争，依法打击各类违法犯罪，平安中国建设取得新进展。

Wesubmitted 18 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the NationalPeople`s Congress for deliberation, and formulated or revised 37 sets ofadministrative regulations. We reformed and adjusted the composition andresponsibilities of government bodies. The State Council conducted majoraccountability inspections to ensure the implementation of reform anddevelopment policies and plans. We made full use the role of auditing inoversight.

Wereformed and improved urban and rural governance at the primary level. New approacheswere adopted to address public complaints. We reformed and strengthenedemergency management, responded swiftly and effectively to major naturaldisasters, and achieved a continued reduction in both the total number ofworkplace accidents and the number of serious and major accidents.

Westrengthened oversight over food and drug safety and investigated and tookstern action in defective vaccines cases like that involving ChangchunChangsheng.

Weimproved the national security system. We strengthened comprehensive measuresto maintain law and order, launched a campaign to combat organized crime androot out local mafia, and cracked down on crime and other legal violations inaccordance with law. Further headway was made in carrying out the PeacefulChina initiative.

Wefully implemented the Party Central Committee`s strategic decision on enforcingfull and strict discipline over the Party, and intensified efforts to improveParty conduct and build a clean government. We moved to ensure that all Partymembers, on a regular and institutionalized basis, work to gain a good commandof the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary XiJinping`s policy addresses and to meet Party standards.

认真贯彻党中央全面从严治党战略部署，加强党风廉政建设。推进“两学一做”学习教育常态化制度化。严格落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，坚定不移纠正“四风”。严肃查处各类违法违规行为，惩处腐败分子，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利。

Weacted in strict accordance with the central Party leadership`s eight-pointdecision on conduct and the rules for its implementation. We took stern actionagainst formalities performed for formalities` sake, bureaucratism, hedonism,and extravagance. Activities of various types in violation of laws orregulations were severely punished or prosecuted. Steps were taken to bring thecorrupt to justice, and the fight against corruption was a resounding success.

过去一年，中国特色大国外交取得新成就。成功举办博鳌亚洲论坛年会、上合组织青岛峰会、中非合作论坛北京峰会等重大主场外交活动。习近平主席等国家领导人出访多国，出席亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、二十国集团领导人峰会、金砖国家领导人会晤、亚欧首脑会议、东亚合作领导人系列会议等重大活动。同主要大国关系总体稳定，同周边国家关系全面发展，同发展中国家团结合作纽带更加牢固。推动构建新型国际关系，推动构建人类命运共同体。坚定维护国家主权、安全、发展利益。经济外交、人文交流成果丰硕。中国致力于促进世界和平与发展，作出了世人共睹的重要贡献。

Overthe past year, we attained new achievements in pursuing diplomacy with our owncharacteristics as a major country. We successfully hosted major diplomaticevents such as the Boao Forum for Asia annual conference, the Qingdao Summit ofthe Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the Beijing Summit of the Forum onChina-Africa Cooperation. President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leadersvisited many countries and attended major international events, including theAPEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the G20 Leaders Summit, the BRICS LeadersMeeting, the Asia-Europe Meeting, and the East Asian leaders` meetings oncooperation.

China`srelations with other major countries remained generally stable, our relationswith neighboring countries saw all-round growth, and our bond of unity andcooperation with other developing countries grew stronger

Wepromoted the development of a new type of international relations and a humancommunity with a shared future, and resolutely protected China`s sovereignty,security, and development interests. Our pursuit of economic diplomacy andcultural and people-to-people exchanges yielded rich fruit. China endeavored topromote world peace and development and made important contributions recognizedaround the world.

各位代表！

FellowDeputies,

过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导的结果，是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民团结奋斗的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！

Weowe our achievements of the past year to the strong leadership of the PartyCentral Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance ofXi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, andto the concerted efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of allethnic groups in China. On behalf of the State Council, I express sincerethanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to all other politicalparties, people`s organizations, and public figures from all sectors ofsociety. I express sincere appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women inthe Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, andoverseas. I also express our sincere gratitude to the governments of othercountries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world whohave shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to achievemodernization.

思危方能居安。在充分肯定成绩的同时，要清醒看到我国发展面临的问题和挑战。世界经济增速放缓，保护主义、单边主义加剧，国际大宗商品价格大幅波动，不稳定不确定因素明显增加，外部输入性风险上升。国内经济下行压力加大，消费增速减慢，有效投资增长乏力。实体经济困难较多，民营和小微企业融资难融资贵问题尚未有效缓解，营商环境与市场主体期待还有差距。自主创新能力不强，关键核心技术短板问题凸显。一些地方财政收支矛盾较大。金融等领域风险隐患依然不少。深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚困难较多。生态保护和污染防治任务仍然繁重。在教育、医疗、养老、住房、食品药品安全、收入分配等方面，群众还有不少不满意的地方。去年还发生了多起公共安全事件和重大生产安全事故，教训极其深刻。政府工作存在不足，一些改革发展举措落实不到位，形式主义、官僚主义仍然突出，督查检查考核过多过频、重留痕轻实绩，加重基层负担。少数干部懒政怠政。一些领域腐败问题仍然多发。我们一定要直面问题和挑战，勇于担当，恪尽职守，竭尽全力做好工作，决不辜负人民期待！

Onlyalertness to danger will ensure safety. While fully recognizing ourachievements, we must also be clear about the problems and challenges ourcountry faces in its development.

Growthin the global economy is slowing, protectionism and unilateralism are mounting,and there are drastic fluctuations in the prices of commodities on theinternational market. Instability and uncertainty are visibly increasing, andexternally-generated risks are on the rise.

Downwardpressure on the Chinese economy continues to increase, growth in consumption isslowing, and growth in effective investment lacks momentum. The real economyfaces many difficulties. The difficulties that private firms and small andmicro businesses face in accessing affordable financing have not yet beeneffectively solved. The business enviro1unent still falls short of marketentities` expectations.

Ourcapacity for innovation is not strong, and our weakness in terms of coretechnologies for key fields remains a salient problem. Budgetary deficits insome localities are quite large. There are still many risks and hidden dangersin the financial and other sectors. In deeply impoverished areas, we still facemany difficulties in the fight against poverty. Ecological conservation andpollution prevention and control continue to be a weighty task.

Thereis still public dissatisfaction in many areas, such as education, healthcare,elderly care, housing, food and drug safety, and income distribution. Last yearsaw the occurrence of a number of public safety incidents and major workplaceaccidents. The lessons these incidents left us with should never be forgotten.

Thereis room for improvement in the work of government. Some measures and policiesfor reform and development have not been fully implemented. We still have aserious problem with pointless formalities and bureaucratism. Excessive andover-frequent inspections and evaluations and a focus on the superficial to theneglect of the substantive have increased the burden on officials working atthe primary level. A small number of government employees lack drive. Instancesof corruption still occur frequently in some sectors.

Wemust face the problems and challenges squarely, shoulder our responsibility,fully perform our duties, and do all we can to truly live up to people`sexpectations.

二、2019年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向

II.Economicand Social Development in 2019:Overall Requirements and Policy Directions

今年是新中国成立70周年，是全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年奋斗目标的关键之年。做好政府工作，要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十九大和十九届二中、三中全会精神，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局，协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，坚持新发展理念，坚持推动高质量发展，坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，坚持深化市场化改革、扩大高水平开放，加快建设现代化经济体系，继续打好三大攻坚战，着力激发微观主体活力，创新和完善宏观调控，统筹推进稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险工作，保持经济运行在合理区间，进一步稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期，提振市场信心，增强人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感，保持经济持续健康发展和社会大局稳定，为全面建成小康社会收官打下决定性基础，以优异成绩庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年。

Thisyear is the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People`s Republic of China.It will be a crucial year for us as we endeavor to achieve the first CentenaryGoal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. To fulfillthe work of government, under the strong leadership of the Party CentralCommittee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we must:

follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought onSocialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era;

implement fully the guiding principles ofthe Party`s 19th National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions ofits 19th Central Committee;

pursuecoordinated progress in the five-sphere integrated plan;

pursuebalanced progress in the four-pronged comprehensive strategy;

adhereto the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability;

continueto apply the new development philosophy;

continueto work for high-quality development;

continueto pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task;

continueto deepen market-orientated reforms and expand high-standard opening up;

workfaster to modernize the economy;

continuethe three critical battles;

invigoratemicro entities;

exploreinnovations in and improve macro regulation;

makecoordinated efforts to maintain stable growth, advance reform, make structuraladjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks;

keepmajor economic indicators within an appropriate range;

take further steps to ensure stableemployment, a stable financial sector, stable foreign trade, stable foreigninvestment, stable domestic investment, and stable expectations;

boost market confidence;

enable people to feel more satisfied, happy,and secure; and

sustain healthy economic development andmaintain social stability.

Bydoing the above, we will create the pivotal underpinning for completing thebuilding of a moderately prosperous society and celebrate with outstandingaccomplishments the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People`s Republic.

综合分析国内外形势，今年我国发展面临的环境更复杂更严峻，可以预料和难以预料的风险挑战更多更大，要做好打硬仗的充分准备。困难不容低估，信心不可动摇，干劲不能松懈。我国发展仍处于重要战略机遇期，拥有足够的韧性、巨大的潜力和不断迸发的创新活力，人民群众追求美好生活的愿望十分强烈。我们有战胜各种困难挑战的坚定意志和能力，经济长期向好趋势没有也不会改变。

Afull analysis of developments in and outside China shows that in pursuingdevelopment this year, we will face a graver and more complicated environmentas well as risks and challenges, foreseeable and otherwise, that are greater innumber and size. We must be fully prepared for a tough struggle. Thedifficulties we face must not be underestimated, our confidence must not beweakened, and the energy we bring to our work must not be allowed to wane.

Chinais still in an important period of strategic opportunity for development andhas ample resilience, enormous potential, and great creativity to unleash. Thelonging of our people for a better life is strong. We have the unshakable willand the ability needed to prevail over difficulties and challenges of any kind,and our economic fundamentals are sound and will remain sound over the longterm.

今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长6%－6.5%；城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇调查失业率5.5%左右，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内；居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；国际收支基本平衡，进出口稳中提质；宏观杠杆率基本稳定，金融财政风险有效防控；农村贫困人口减少1000万以上，居民收入增长与经济增长基本同步；生态环境进一步改善，单位国内生产总值能耗下降3%左右，主要污染物排放量继续下降。上述主要预期目标，体现了推动高质量发展要求，符合我国发展实际，与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，是积极稳妥的。实现这些目标，需要付出艰苦努力。

Withthe above in mind, the main projected targets for economic and socialdevelopment this year are set as follows:

GDPgrowth of 6-6.5 percent

Over11 million new urban jobs, a surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5percent, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent

CPIincrease of around 3 percent

Abasic equilibrium in the balance of payments, and stable, better-structuredimports and exports

Amacro leverage ratio that is basically stable, and effective prevention andcontrol of financial and fiscal risks

Areduction of over 10 million in the rural poor population

Personalincome growth that is basically in step with economic growth

Afurther improvement in the environment

Adrop of around 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP Continuedreductions in the discharge of major pollutants

Theabove projected targets are ambitious but realistic - they represent our aim ofpromoting high-quality development, are in keeping with the current realities ofChina`s development, and are aligned with the goal of completing the buildingof a moderately prosperous society in all respects. But to realize these goalswe need to redouble our efforts.

要正确把握宏观政策取向，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，实施就业优先政策，加强政策协调配合，确保经济运行在合理区间，促进经济社会持续健康发展。

Wewill ensure that the right direction is set for the pursuit of our macropolicies. We will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudentmonetary policy, implement an employment-first policy, and strengthen thecoordination between these policies to keep major economic indicators within anappropriate range and sustain healthy economic and social development.

积极的财政政策要加力提效。今年赤字率拟按2.8%安排，比去年预算高0.2个百分点；财政赤字2.76万亿元，其中中央财政赤字1.83万亿元，地方财政赤字9300亿元。适度提高赤字率，综合考虑了财政收支、专项债券发行等因素，也考虑为应对今后可能出现的风险留出政策空间。今年财政支出超过23万亿元，增长6.5%。中央对地方均衡性转移支付增长10.9%。改革完善县级基本财力保障机制，缓解困难地区财政运转压力，决不让基本民生保障出问题。

Wewill pursue a proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and enhance itsperformance. Deficit-to-GDP ratio this year is projected at 2.8 percent, a0.2-percentage-point increase over that of last year. The budgetary deficit isprojected at 2.76 trillion yuan, with a central government deficit of 1.83trillion yuan and a local government deficit of 0.93 trillion yuan. Inmoderately increasing the deficit-to-GDP ratio, we have given fullconsideration to factors such as government revenue and expenditure and theissuance of special bonds; we have also taken into account the need to leave policyspace to address risks that could arise in the future.

Governmentexpenditure is budgeted at over 23 trillion yuan, a 6.5 percent increase. Thecentral government`s transfer payments to local governments for equalizingaccess to basic public services will increase by 10.9 percent. We will reformand improve the mechanism for ensuring basic fiscal capacity at the countylevel, ease the pressure of budgetary constraints faced by localities, and makecertain that people`s basic living needs are met.

稳健的货币政策要松紧适度。广义货币M2和社会融资规模增速要与国内生产总值名义增速相匹配，以更好满足经济运行保持在合理区间的需要。在实际执行中，既要把好货币供给总闸门，不搞“大水漫灌”，又要灵活运用多种货币政策工具，疏通货币政策传导渠道，保持流动性合理充裕，有效缓解实体经济特别是民营和小微企业融资难融资贵问题，防范化解金融风险。深化利率市场化改革，降低实际利率水平。完善汇率形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。

Ourprudent monetary policy will be eased or tightened to the right degree.Increases in M2 money supply and aggregate financing should be in keeping withnominal GDP growth to keep major indicators within an appropriate range.

Inimplementation, we will ensure the valve on aggregate monetary supply is wellcontrolled and refrain from using a deluge of stimulus policies; but will alsouse flexibly a variety of monetary policy instruments to improve thetransmission mechanism of monetary policy, maintain reasonably sufficientliquidity, effectively mitigate difficulties faced in the real economy,especially by private enterprises and small and micro businesses, in accessingaffordable financing, and forestall and defuse financial risks.

Wewill deepen reforms to strengthen the market`s role in setting interest ratesand lower real interest rates. We will improve the exchange rate mechanism andkeep the RMB exchange rate generally stable and at an adaptive and balancedlevel.

就业优先政策要全面发力。就业是民生之本、财富之源。今年首次将就业优先政策置于宏观政策层面，旨在强化各方面重视就业、支持就业的导向。当前和今后一个时期，我国就业总量压力不减、结构性矛盾凸显，新的影响因素还在增加，必须把就业摆在更加突出位置。稳增长首要是为保就业。今年城镇新增就业要在实现预期目标的基础上，力争达到近几年的实际规模，既保障城镇劳动力就业，也为农业富余劳动力转移就业留出空间。只要就业稳、收入增，我们就更有底气。

Anemployment-first policy will be pursued with full force. Employment is thecornerstone of well-being, and the wellspring of wealth. This year, for thefirst time, we are elevating the employment-first policy to the status of amacro policy. This is to increase society-wide attention to employment andsupport for it. Both in the immediate future and for some time to come, thepressure on aggregate job creation will continue unabated, the relatedstructural issues will become more pronounced, and new factors that affectemployment will continue to grow. All this means we must give greater priorityto increasing employment.

Maintainingstable growth, first and foremost, is to ensure employment. This year, on topof the urban job creation target, we will work to reach the actual employmentfigures of the past few years so as to ensure employment for the urbanworkforce while creating non-agricultural employment opportunities for thesurplus rural workforce. With stable employment and increasing incomes, we cancontinue to be fully confident.

要继续坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，在“巩固、增强、提升、畅通”八个字上下功夫。更多采取改革的办法，更多运用市场化、法治化手段，巩固“三去一降一补”成果，增强微观主体活力，提升产业链水平，畅通国民经济循环，推动经济高质量发展。

Wewill continue to pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task,focusing on consolidating, strengthening, upgrading, and ensuring unimpededflows: we will use more reforms and means in accordance with market principlesand law to consolidate the gains made in the five priority tasks;1 tostrengthen the dynamism of micro entities; to upgrade industrial chains; and toensure unimpeded flows in the economy, thus moving toward high-qualitydevelopment.

要继续打好三大攻坚战，精准发力、务求实效。防范化解重大风险要强化底线思维，坚持结构性去杠杆，防范金融市场异常波动，稳妥处理地方政府债务风险，防控输入性风险。精准脱贫要坚持现行标准，聚焦深度贫困地区和特殊贫困群体，加大攻坚力度，提高脱贫质量。污染防治要聚焦打赢蓝天保卫战等重点任务，统筹兼顾、标本兼治，使生态环境质量持续改善。

Wewill continue the three critical battles and adopt precise measures to deliversolid outcomes.

Toforestall and defuse major risks, we should be clear about potential dangers,continue structural deleveraging, forestall abnormal financial marketfluctuations, deal prudently with local government debt risk, and guard againstand control externally-generated risks.

Wewill intensify precision poverty alleviation efforts in accordance with currentstandards, with the focus on deeply impoverished areas and the most vulnerablegroups to deliver solid outcomes.

Inaddressing pollution, we will focus on major priorities such as the fight tokeep our skies blue, take a holistic approach, address both symptoms and rootcauses, and make continuous improvements to the environment.

做好今年政府工作，要注重把握好以下关系。一要统筹好国内与国际的关系，凝心聚力办好自己的事。我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，仍是世界最大发展中国家。发展是解决我国一切问题的基础和关键，必须牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，毫不动摇坚持发展是硬道理、发展应该是科学发展和高质量发展的战略思想，不断解放和发展社会生产力。在国际形势复杂多变的背景下，我们要保持战略定力，按确定的目标和部署推进工作，更好利用国际国内两个市场两种资源，敢于应对挑战，善于化危为机，牢牢把握发展主动权。二要平衡好稳增长与防风险的关系，确保经济持续健康发展。长期积累的诸多风险隐患必须加以化解，但要遵循规律，讲究方式方法，按照坚定、可控、有序、适度要求，在发展中逐步化解，坚决避免发生系统性、区域性风险。在当前经济下行压力加大情况下，出台政策和工作举措要有利于稳预期、稳增长、调结构，防控风险要把握好节奏和力度，防止紧缩效应叠加放大，决不能让经济运行滑出合理区间。同时，也不能只顾眼前，采取损害长期发展的短期强刺激政策，产生新的风险隐患。三要处理好政府与市场的关系，依靠改革开放激发市场主体活力。只要市场主体有活力，就能增强内生发展动力、顶住经济下行压力。要大力推进改革开放，加快建立统一开放、竞争有序的现代市场体系，放宽市场准入，加强公正监管，打造法治化、国际化、便利化的营商环境，让各类市场主体更加活跃。从根本上说，市场活力和社会创造力源于亿万人民积极性的发挥。要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，尽力而为、量力而行，切实保障基本民生，推动解决重点民生问题，促进社会公平正义，让人民过上好日子。中国人民勤劳智慧，具有无限的创新创造潜能，只要充分释放出来，中国的发展就一定会有更为广阔空间。

Forthe government to deliver this year, we need to get the following relationshipsright.

First,we need to handle in a holistic way the relationship between domestic andinternational issues, and focus on running our own affairs well. China is stilland will long remain in the primary stage of socialism; and it continues to bethe world`s largest developing country. Development is the foundation of andkey to solving all our country`s problems. We must pursue with dedication thecentral task of economic development, never falter in our commitment to thestrategic thinking that development is of paramount importance and that itshould be sound and of a high quality, and continue to unleash and developproductive forces.

Againstthe backdrop of a complex and fast-changing international environment, we mustmaintain strategic focus and carry out work in accordance with the goals andplans already set. We should make better use of both international and domesticmarkets and resources, face challenges squarely, turn risks into opportunities,and remain firm in our commitment to pursuing development.

Second,we need to achieve the right balance in the relationship between maintainingstable growth and guarding against risks, to ensure sustained, healthy economicdevelopment. The many risks and potential problems that have built up over theyears demand stronger mitigating action, but in doing so we need to observeobjective laws and take the right approach. Our approach must be firm,controllable, and systematic, and it should be applied with the right degree ofintensity. We need to defuse risks step by step in the course of pursuingdevelopment and decisively forestall any systemic or regional risks.

Againstthe backdrop of mounting downward pressure on the economy, the policies andmeasures we adopt should ensure stable expectations, stable growth, andstructural adjustments. In working to forestall and control risks, we need toget the pace and intensity right. We should see that the effects of tighteningare not amplified, and we must never allow economic indicators to slide out ofthe appropriate range.

Atthe same time, we must not attend only to immediate concerns or adoptshort-term strong stimulus policies that will end up undermining long-termdevelopment and generating new risks.

Third,we need to balance the relationship between government and market, and energizemarket entities through reform and opening up. As long as market entities areenergized, we can boost the internal forces driving development and withstandthe downward pressure on the economy. We must work hard to advance reform andopening up, speed up the establishment of a unified and open, competitive andorderly modern market system, relax restrictions on market access, ensureimpartial regulation, and create a business environment based on rule of lawthat is internationalized and enabling, in order to energize market entities.

Ultimately,market vitality and social creativity stem from the initiative of hundreds ofmillions of people being put into action. We must stay true to the vision ofpeople-centered development and do everything within our capacity to meetpeople`s basic needs, resolve key problems affecting living standards, promotesocial fairness and justice, and help our people achieve better lives.

TheChinese are an industrious and talented people and possess boundless potentialfor innovation and creativity. All we need to do is unleash that potential andthe space for China`s development going forward will doubtless be vast.

由于全文较长一篇文章放不下

因此特一，二，三部分推送

在后台对话框 输入“政府工作报告”

获取二，三部分

喜欢，就给我一个“好看”

灼见 2019

MORE

灼见热文

褚时健去世，516266717484这串数字道尽他一生……

不做“秒回”的手机控后，我的生活发生了意想不到的变化

《人间世》又飙泪刷屏，真相扎心：原来人这一生，真有因果

你为什么不发朋友圈了？

91岁褚时健去世：74岁从头再来、85岁再成亿万富翁……人生永远没有太晚的开始

北大教授陈兴良：赵宇正当防卫案的法理评析（清晰透彻，鞭辟入里！）